Breeding in the free range is a bit risky compared to pen mating but the benefits are great.
With access to green grass and insects, hens are healthier as shown by their red faces.
The mating process is also natural where hens submit themselves to roosters of their choice.
Yes, hens know who to mate with and they are able to identify the Alpha male.
The end result would be fertile eggs and healthier chicks.
The downside is that since they are open to the elements, the deworming must be regular.
Also, the caretaker must have keen eyes to spot any indication that the hens are not in top shape.
Between pen mating and free range mating, I would always prefer the latter.
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